The main reason why lithium ion batteries are expensive is because they are very complicated. It takes considerable amount of effort to produce a single lithium ion cell. Both the chemistries and manufacturing conditions must be absolutely precise. So in order for the costs to come down, people have to buy more electric vehicles and create more demand. This will lead to more manufacturing and lowering of prices. The cost of EV batteries is dropping off quiet rapidly. In the next 4 years, EV vehicles reach price parity with oil vehicles.

For all the energy required to propel a vehicle, not all of it makes it to the wheels. Some of it is lost to friction and heat. Vehicle inefficiency can be classified into two categories of losses: road-load and energy conversion. In an electric vehicle, chemical energy is stored in a battery. Lithium-ion batteries are used in EV's because of high energy density. Converting the chemical energy to free electrons (electrical energy) can be greater than 80% efficient – some energy is lost to heat in cells and other battery pack components such as current conductors and fuses. Overall, drive efficiency of an EV more than 80% - almost three times more efficient than an internal combustion powered vehicle. When you compare this to Internal Combustion Engine vehicles, chemical energy is stored as gasoline in a conventional vehicle. Combustion is used to convert the chemical energy into thermal energy. Pistons convert the thermal energy to the mechanical work that turns the wheels. The conversion process is, at best, 35% efficient. The majority of the energy stored in the gasoline is lost as heat.

A typical Lithium-ion based EV battery lasts for 8 years. So, we don't need to change the battery for 8 years. TATA NEXON offers warranty covering 8 years of driving on lithium-ion batteries.

Hydrogen vehicles are definitely the car of the future. Hydrogen fuel cell vehicles (FCVs) are EVs but instead of getting their electricity from batteries charged from the grid, they get their power from fuel cells using hydrogen as energy carrier. Reliable and steady source of hydrogen will have to be a hydrogen pipeline coming from hydrogen purifier company. It will take billions of rupees of investment and a long time for all local petrol stations to have a hydrogen pump. With plug-in EVs, the infrastructure is already in place, the electric grid.